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Page 53
_How does this develop?_
Gradually; very rarely does it come on suddenly.
_What should be done for a baby who has spasmodic croup?_
The room should be very warm, hot cloths or poultices should be
applied over the throat, and either a croup kettle or an ordinary
tea-kettle kept boiling in the room. This is more efficacious if the
child is placed in a tent made by a raised umbrella with a sheet
thrown over it, and the steam introduced beneath the tent. If the
symptoms are urgent, ten drops of the sirup of ipecac should be given
every fifteen minutes until free vomiting occurs. Whenever the
symptoms reach a point where breathing becomes difficult, a doctor
should be summoned without delay.
CONTAGIOUS DISEASES
_What are the first symptoms of measles?_
Measles comes on rather gradually with cough, sneezing, watery eyes
and nose, much like an ordinary cold in the head. The eruption appears
after three or four days, first upon the face and neck as small red
spots, and spreads slowly over the body.
_Is measles a serious disease?_
In infants and during the winter season it is likely to be very
serious on account of the danger of bronchitis and pneumonia, which
frequently accompany it. In children over four years old it is
generally not severe. No child should be voluntarily exposed to this
disease, and particularly one who is delicate or prone to disease of
the lungs should be protected against it.
_When and how is measles contagious?_
Measles may readily be conveyed from the very beginning of the
catarrh, two or three days before any eruption is present. It is not
often carried by healthy persons. Its poison does not cling long to a
sick room.
_What is German measles?_
German measles, or rubella, is a distinct disease and has nothing to
do with ordinary measles. It is extremely rare for a child to be much
sick with it. There is usually a very extensive eruption which may
cover the body, but few other symptoms.
_What are the first symptoms of scarlet fever?_
Generally it comes suddenly, with vomiting, high fever, and sore
throat. The eruption usually appears within twenty-four hours as a red
blush, first upon the neck and chest, and spreads rapidly.
_When and how is scarlet fever contagious?_
Scarlet fever is only slightly contagious for the first one or two
days of the attack. It is most contagious at the height of the disease
and during desquamation. It may be carried by healthy persons and by
the clothing or bedding from the sick room.
_How does whooping-cough begin?_
For a week or ten days it cannot be distinguished from an ordinary
cold on the chest. Then the attacks of coughing gradually become more
severe and vomiting may follow. After a severe coughing fit the breath
is caught with a peculiar noise known as the "whoop."
_How does chicken-pox begin?_
It usually comes out gradually, as widely scattered pimples over the
scalp, face, and body, many of which soon become small vesicles,
resembling tiny blisters. There is itching and local discomfort but
little fever, and the child rarely seems to be very ill.
_How does diphtheria begin?_
Sometimes suddenly, but usually gradually, with sore throat and
swelling of the glands of the neck, with white patches upon the
tonsils, or a free discharge which may be bloody, from the nostrils.
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