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Page 3
"This coffe-drink hath caused a great sobriety among all nations:
formerly apprentices, clerks, &c., used to take their morning
draughts in ale, beer, or wine, which often made them unfit for
business. Now they play the good-fellows in this wakeful and civil
drink. The worthy gentleman, Sir James Muddiford, who introduced
the practice hereof first in London, deserves much respect of the
whole nation."
From these extracts it appears that the use of this berry was introduced
by other Turkey merchants besides Edwards and his servant Pasqua.
Anthony Wood in his _Diary_, records, under the year 1654, that--
"Coffey, which had been drank by some persons in Oxon. 1650, was
this yeare publickly sold at or neare the Angel, within the Easte
Gate of Oxon., as also chocolate, by an outlander or Jew."
And in another place he says--
"This yeere Jacob a Jew opened a Coffey-house at the Angel, in the
parish of St. Peter in the East, Oxon., and there it was by some,
who delighted in noveltie, drank. When he left Oxon. he sold it in
Old Southampton Buildings in Holborne, near London, and was living
there 1671."
EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.
* * * * *
TRUE TRAGEDY OF RICHARD III.
In _The True Tragedy of Richard the Third_, the following passage--
"His treacherous father hath neglect his word,
And done imparshall past by dint of sword."
is considered by Mr. Baron Field as unintelligible. It seems to me that
the correction of it is obvious, and the explanation probable, though
not exactly fitting what had been said before, which is merely that Lord
Stanley had refused to come to Richard, not that he had actually joined
Richmond, much less fought for him. I read--
"And dome imparshall;"
_i.e._ and _doom impartial_, and interpret, "pass'd upon himself impartial
judgment," or rather on his son, as is said just before:--
"The father's fact condemns the son to die."
It is possible that doom by dint of sword may mean, to be executed by
dint of sword; that is, on the son. The _doom_ in the Scotch court, in
the _Heart of Mid Lothian_, is not the verdict, but the punishment.
Immediately before, we have this passage, also described as
unintelligible:--
"_King._ Did not your selves, in presence, see the bondes sealde
and assignde?
"_Lo._ What tho my lord, the _vardits own_, the titles doth resign.
"_King._ The bond is broke, and I will sue the fine."
I see no emendation for this but the _vardits own_ to mean, "the party
who has the verdict in his favour," and the speech to be a question. The
King tries to persuade himself that there is, _ipso facto_, no room for
forgiveness. Lovel answers, upon the principle of the rule of law, "Qui
vis potest renunciare juri pro se introducto."
C.B.
* * * * *
FOLK LORE.
_Merry-Lwyd._--My attention has been called to an inquiry in No. 11. p.
173., as to the origin and etymology of the Merry-Lwyd, still kept up in
Wales.
I believe that all these mummings may be traced to the disguisings which
formed so popular an amusement in the Middle Ages, and that the name
applied in Wales to this remnant of our ancient pastimes is nothing more
than a compound of our English adjective "merry" and a corruption of the
Latin word "Ludi," which these masquings were formerly termed.
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