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Page 1
In dealing with his Spanish poems, I have tried not to put his claims
to consideration too high. Laboulaye, in _La Libert� religieuse_,
calls Luis de Leon 'le premier lyrique de l'Europe moderne'. This
phrase dates from 1859, and was addressed to a generation which
delighted in arranging authors in something like the order of a class
list. Though I have the highest opinion of Luis de Leon's genius, I
have not felt tempted to follow Laboulaye's example; I have by
preference discussed, so far as space allows, such points as the
probable chronology of Luis de Leon's poems. Once more I repeat that
this is a chapter of a book that will now never be written.
It may be as well to add at this point a few explanatory words
concerning the plan of accentuation adopted here. There seems to be no
valid reason for applying, in a book primarily intended for English
readers, the modern Academic system to proper names borne in the
sixteenth century by men who lived more than three hundred years
before the current system was ever invented. Except of course in the
case of quotations, that system is applied rigidly only to the names
of those who have adopted it formally (as on pp. 114 _n._ and 191
_n._). I have gone on the theory that accents should be sparingly used
in a work of this kind, and that, as accents are almost needless for
Spaniards they should be employed only when the needs of foreigners
compel their use. It is a fundamental rule in Spanish that nearly all
words ending in a consonant should be stressed on the last syllable.
But since nobody, however slightly acquainted with Spanish, is tempted
to pronounce such words as Velazquez (p. 79) or Gomez (p. 250)
incorrectly, no graphic accent is employed in such cases. Names ending
in _s_--such as Valb�s--are accentuated, however, when the stress
falls on the last syllable: this prevents all possibility of
confusion with the pronunciation of ordinary plural forms.
Place-names--such as B�jar (p. 58) and C�rdoba (p. 184)--are
accentuated; so are trisyllables and polysyllables such as G�ngora (p.
209) and Z��iga (p. 57 and elsewhere). It will be seen that, in this
matter, I have been guided by strictly utilitarian principles.
Inconsistencies are perhaps unavoidable under any system. The plan
followed here, while it tends to diminish the total number of accents,
probably involves no more inconsistencies than any other. It is based
on rational grounds, and is, it may be hoped, less offensive to the
eye than the current system. Quotations, I repeat, are reproduced
exactly as they stand in the sources from which they profess to be
taken.
With these words, I close what I have to say here on this subject and
commend these pages to the indulgent judgement of my readers.
The following works, or articles, may be usefully consulted by the
student of Spanish.
EDITIONS. LUIS DE LEON: _Obras_, ed. A. Merino, Madrid, 1804-5-6-16. 6
vols. [reprinted with a preface, by C. Mui�os S�enz, Madrid, 1885, 6
vols.]; _Biblioteca de Autores Espa�oles_, vols. XXXV, XXXVII, LIII,
LXI, and LXII; _De los nombres de Cristo_, ed. F. de On�s, Madrid,
1914-1917 [Cl�sicos castellanos, vols. XXVIII and XXXIII]; _La
perfecta casada_, ed. E. Wallace, Chicago, 1903; _La perfecta casada_,
ed. A. Bonilla y San Mart�n, Madrid, 1917; _El perfecto predicador_,
ed. C. Mui�os Saenz in _La Ciudad de Dios_ (1886), vol. XI, pp.
340-348, 432-447, 527-537; (1886), vol. XII, pp. 15-25, 104-111,
211-218, 322-330, 420-427, 504-512; (1887), vol. XIII, pp. 32-38,
106-114, 213-222, 302-312; (1887), vol. XIV, pp. 9-17, 154-160,
305-315, 449-459, 581-591, 729-743; _Exposition del Miserere_
[facsimile of the Barcelona ed. of 1632], ed. A.M. Huntington, New
York, 1903.
WORKS OF REFERENCE: _Proceso original que la Inquisicion de Valladolid
hizo al maestro Fr. Luis de Leon, religioso del �rden de S. Agustin_,
ed. M. Salv� and P. Sainz de Baranda, in _Coleccion de Documentos
in�ditos para la Historia de Espa�a_ (Madrid, 1847), vol. X, pp.
5-575, and vol. XI, pp. 5-358; J. Gonzalez de Tejada, _Vida de Fray
Luis de Leon_ (Madrid, 1863); C.A. Wilkens, _Fray Luis de Leon_
(Halle, 1866); A. Arango y Escandon, _Frai Luis de Leon, ensayo
hist�rico_, 2� ed. (Mexico, 1866) [the first edition appeared in _La
Cruz_ (Mexico, 1855-56)]; F.H. Reusch, _Luis de Leon und die spanische
Inquisition_ (Bonn, 1873); M. Guti�rrez, _El misticismo ortodoxo_
(Valladolid, 1886); M. Guti�rrez, _Fray Luis de Le�n y la filosof�a
espa�ola del siglo_ XVI, 2� ed. aumentada (Madrid, 1891) [_Adiciones
p�stumas_ in _La Ciudad de Dios_ (1907), vol. LXXIII, pp. 391-399,
478-494, 662-667; vol. LXXIV, pp. 49-55, 303-414, 487-496, 628-643; in
_La Ciudad de Dios_ (1908), vol. LXXV, pp. 34-47, 215-221, 291-303,
472-486]; J.M. Guardia, _Fray Luis de Leon ou la po�sie dans le
clo�tre_, in the _Revue germanique_ (1863), vol. XXIV, pp. 307-342; M.
Men�ndez y Pelayo, _Horacio en Espa�a, Solaces bibliogr�ficas_ 2� ed.
(Madrid, 1885), vol. I, pp. 11-24, vol. II, pp. 26-36; M. Men�ndez y
Pelayo, _Estudios de cr�tica literaria_, 1� serie (Madrid, 1893), pp.
1-72; F. Blanco Garc�a, _Segundo proceso instru�do por la Inquisici�n
de Valladolid contra Fray Luis de Le�n_ (Madrid, 1896); F. Blanco
Garc�a, _Fray Luis de Le�n: rectificaciones biogr�ficas_, in the
_Homenaje a Men�ndez y Pelayo_ (Madrid, 1899), vol. I, pp. 153-160;
J.D.M. Ford, _Luis de Le�n, the Spanish poet, humanist and mystic_, in
the _Publications of the Modern Language Association of America_
(Baltimore, 1899), vol. XIV, pp. 267-278; F. Blanco Garc�a, _Fr. Luis
de Le�n: estudio biogr�fico del insigne poeta agustino_ (Madrid,
1904); _Acta de la reposici�n de Fray Luis de Le�n en una c�tedra de
la Universidad de Salamanca_ in the _Revista de Archivos, Bibliotecas
y Museos_, Tercera �poca (1900), vol. IV, pp. 680-682; L.G. Alonso
Getino, _La Causa de Fr. Luis de Le�n ante la cr�tica y los nuevos
documentos hist�ricos_, in the _Revista de Archivos, Bibliotecas y
Museos_, Tercera �poca (1903), vol. IX, pp. 148-156, 268-279, 440-449;
(1904), vol. XI, pp. 288-306, 380-397; C. Mui�os S�enz, _El 'Dec�amos
ayer' de Fray Luis de Le�n_, (Madrid, 1905); L. Alonso Getino, _Vida y
procesos del maestro Fr. Luis de Le�n_ (Salamanca, 1907); C. Mui�os
S�enz _El 'Dec�amos ayer'... y otros excesos_, in _La Ciudad de Dios_
(1909), vol. LXXVIII, pp. 479-495, 544-560; vol. LXXIX, pp. 18-34,
107-124, 191-212, 353-374, 529-552; vol. LXXX pp. 99-125, 177-197; F.
de On�s _Sobre la trasmisi�n de la obra literaria de Fray Luis de
Le�n_, in the _Revista de Filolog�a Espa�ola_ (Madrid, 1915), vol. II
pp. 217-257; R. Men�ndez Pidal, _Una poesia in�dita de Fray Luis de
Le�n_, in the _Revista de Filolog�a Espa�ola_ (Madrid, 1917), vol. IV,
pp. 389-390; C. P�rez Pastor, _Bibliograf�a madrile�a_ (Madrid,
1891-1906-1907), parte ii, pp. 254-255, and parte iii, pp. 404-409; G.
V�zquez N��ez, _El padre Francisco Zumel, general de la Merced y
catedr�tico de Salamanca_ (1540-1607), in _Revista de Archivos,
Bibliotecas y Museos_, Tercera �poca (1918), vol. XXXVIII, pp. 1-19,
170-190; (1918), vol. XXXIX, pp. 53-67, 237-266; (1919), vol. XL, pp.
447-466, 562-594.
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