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Page 33
FLUORINE: 8 spikes of 15 atoms 120
2 balloons 220
----
Total 340
----
Atomic weight 18.90
Number weight 340/18 18.88
MANGANESE (Plate XVII, 2) has fourteen spikes radiating from a central
"balloon."
MANGANESE: 14 spikes of 63 atoms 882
Central balloon 110
----
Total 992
----
Atomic weight 54.57
Number weight 992/18 55.11
* * * * *
IX.
We have now to consider the breaking up of the octahedral groups, and more
and more, as we proceed, do we find that the most complicated arrangements
are reducible to simple elements which are already familiar.
CARBON (Plate III, 5, and XV, 1).
[Illustration]
Carbon is the typical octahedron, and a clear understanding of this will
enable us to follow easily the constitution and disintegration of the
various members of these groups. Its appearance as a chemical atom is shown
on Plate III, and see XV, 1. On the proto level the chemical atom breaks up
into four segments, each consisting of a pair of funnels connected by a
single atom; this is the proto element which appears at the end of each arm
of the cross in titanium and zirconium. On the meta level the five
six-atomed "cigars" show two neutral combinations, and the truncated
"cigar" of five atoms is also neutral; the "leaves" yield two forms of
triplet, five different types being thus yielded by each pair of funnels,
exclusive of the linking atom. The hyper level has triplets, duads and
units.
TITANIUM (Plate III, 6, and XV, 2, 3).
[Illustration]
On the proto level, the cross breaks up completely, setting free the pairs
of funnels with the linking atom (_a_ and _b_), as in carbon, the four
bodies marked _c_, the twelve marked _d_, and the central globe marked e.
The latter breaks up again, setting free its five intersecting
cigar-bearing tetrahedra, which follow their usual course (see Occultum, p.
44). The eight-atomed body in the centre makes a ring of seven atoms round
a central one, like that in occultum (see p. 44, diagram B), from which it
only differs in having the central atom, and breaks up similarly, setting
the central atom free. The ovoid _c_ sets free its four contained globes,
and the ovoid _d_ sets free the three within it. Thus sixty-one proto
elements are yielded by titanium. On the meta level, _c_ (titanium 3)
breaks up into star-like and cruciform bodies; the component parts of these
are easily followed; on the hyper level, of the four forms of triplets one
behaves as in carbon, and the others are shown, _a_, _b_ and _f_; the
cruciform quintet yields a triplet and a duad, _c_ and _d_; the tetrahedra
yield two triplets _g_ and _h_, and two units; the septet, a triplet _k_
and a quartet _j_. On the meta level, the bodies from _d_ behave like their
equivalents in sodium, each _d_ shows two quartets and a sextet, breaking
up, on the hyper level, into four duads and two triads.
ZIRCONIUM (Plate XV, 2, 5).
Zirconium reproduces in its _c_ the four forms that we have already
followed in the corresponding _c_ of titanium, and as these are set free on
the proto level, and follow the same course on the meta and hyper levels,
we need not repeat them. The central globe of zirconium _c_ sets free its
nine contained bodies; eight of these are similar and are figured in the
diagram; it will be observed that the central body is the truncated "cigar"
of carbon; their behaviour on the meta and hyper levels is easily followed
there. The central sphere is also figured; the cigar follows its usual
course, and its companions unite into a sextet and an octet. The _d_ ovoid
liberates five bodies, four of which we have already seen in titanium, as
the crosses and sextet of sodium, and which are figured under titanium; the
four quartets within the larger globe also follow a sodium model, and are
given again.
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