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Page 21
MAGNESIUM: 4 funnels of 108 atoms 432
Atomic weight 24.18
Number weight 432/18 24.00
ZINC (Plate IX, 2) also brings a new device: the funnel is of the same type
as that of magnesium, while septets are substituted for the triplets, and
36 additional atoms are thus slipped in. Then we see four spikes,
alternating with the funnels and pointing to the angles, each adding 144
atoms to the total. The spikes show the ten-atomed triangle, already met
with in other metals, three very regular pillars, each with six spheres,
containing two, three, four, four, three, two atoms, respectively. The
supporting spheres are on the model of the central globe, but contain more
atoms. Funnels and spikes alike radiate from a simple central globe, in
which five contained spheres are arranged crosswise, preparing for the
fully developed cross of cadmium. The ends of the cross touch the bottoms
of the funnels.
ZINC: 4 funnels of 144 atoms 576
4 spikes of 144 atoms 576
Central globe 18
-----
Total 1170
-----
Atomic weight 64.91
Number weight 1170/18 65.00
CADMIUM (Plate IX, 3) has an increased complexity of funnels; the diagram
shows one of the three similar segments which lie within the funnels as
cylinders; each of these contains four spheres, three pillars and three
ovoids, like the spike of zinc turned upside down, and the zinc ten-atomed
triangle changed into three ten-atomed ovoids. The centre-piece is a new
form, though prefigured in the central globe of zinc.
CADMIUM: 3 segments of 164 atoms = 492
4 funnels of 492 atoms 1968
Central body 48
-----
Total 2016
-----
Atomic weight 111.60
Number weight 2016/18 112.00
The corresponding negative group is headed by
[Illustration: PLATE X.]
SULPHUR (Plate X, 1), which, like magnesium, has no central globe, and
consists simply of the zinc funnels, much less compressed than zinc but the
same in composition.
SULPHUR: 4 funnels of 144 atoms 576
Atomic weight 31.82
Number weight 576/18 32.00
SELENIUM (Plate X, 2) is distinguished by the exquisite peculiarity,
already noticed, of a quivering star, floating across the mouth of each
funnel, and dancing violently when a ray of light falls upon it. It is
known that the conductivity of selenium varies with the intensity of the
light falling upon it, and it may be that the star is in some way connected
with its conductivity. It will be seen that the star is a very complicated
body, and in each of its six points the two five-atomed spheres revolve
round the seven-atomed cone. The bodies in the funnels resemble those in
magnesium, but a reversed image of the top one is interposed between itself
and the small duad, and each pair has its own enclosure. The central globe
is the same as that of zinc.
SELENIUM: 4 funnels of 198 atoms 792
4 stars of 153 atoms 612
Central globe 18
-----
Total 1422
-----
Atomic weight 78.58
Number weight 1422/18 79.00
TELLURIUM (Plate X, 3), it will be seen, closely resembles cadmium, and has
three cylindrical segments--of which one is figured--making up the funnel.
The contained bodies in the pillars run three, four, five, four, three,
two, instead of starting with two; and a quartet replaces a duad in the
globes above. The central cross only differs from that of cadmium in having
a seven-atomed instead of a four-atomed centre. So close a similarity is
striking.
TELLURIUM: 3 segments of 181 atoms = 543
4 funnels of 543 atoms 2172
Central body 51
-----
Total 2223
-----
Atomic weight 126.64
Number weight 2223/18 123.50
* * * * *
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