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Page 19
[Illustration]
The disintegration of gold first yields forty-seven bodies on the
proto-level; the twenty-four funnels separate, and the central globes which
hold each twelve together set free their six contained globes (_c_, _d_),
thirty bodies being thus liberated. The sixteen bodies on the central
inclined planes, marked _b_, break away, their central globe, with its four
contained globes, remaining unchanged. But this condition does not last.
The motion of the funnels changes and thus the funnels cease to exist and
their contents are set free, each funnel thus liberating nine independent
bodies; the sixteen _b_ separate into two each; the four _a_ liberate five
each; the two _c_ set free thirteen each; the four _d_ finally liberate two
each: 302 proto elements in all.
The funnel is almost that of iodine, re-arranged. Four of the first ring in
the iodine funnel are replaced by the triangular body, which becomes a
four-sided pyramid with an occupied base. The second ring of three ovoids
in iodine becomes four in gold, but the internal arrangement of each ovoid
is the same. The next two spheres in the iodine funnel coalesce into one
sphere, with similar contents, in the gold funnel. The fifth in iodine is
slightly rearranged to form the fourth in descent in gold, and the
remaining two are the same. _B_ has been broken up under occultum (p. 628)
and can be followed there. The sixteen rings set free from the four _a_,
after gyrating round the central body, now become a sphere, break up, as in
occultum (see p. 44) into a meta seven-atomed ring and an eight-atomed
double cross, and so on to the hyper level. The sphere with its two
contained bodies breaks up into eight triangles on the meta level, and each
of these, on the hyper, into a duad and a unit. The twelve septets of _c_
assume the form of prisms as in iodine (see p. 48) and pursue the same
course, while its central body, a four-sided pyramid with its six
attendants, divides on the meta level into six duads, revolving round a
ring with a central atom as in chlorine (p. 47), the duads going off
independently on the hyper-level and the ring breaking up as in chlorine.
The "cigar" tetrahedron of _d_ follows its course as in occultum, and the
other sets free two quartets and two triplets on the meta level, yielding
six duads and two units as hyper compounds. It will be seen that, complex
as gold is, it is composed of constituents already familiar, and has iodine
and occultum as its nearest allies.
II AND IIa.--THE TETRAHEDRAL GROUPS.
II.--This group consists of beryllium (glucinum), calcium, strontium and
barium, all diatomic, paramagnetic and positive. The corresponding group
consists of oxygen, chromium, molybdenum, wolfram (tungsten) and uranium,
with a blank disk between wolfram and uranium: these are diatomic,
paramagnetic, and negative. We have not examined barium, wolfram, or
uranium.
[Illustration: PLATE VIII.]
BERYLLIUM (Plate III, 2, and Plate VIII, 1). In the tetrahedron four
funnels are found, the mouth of each funnel opening on one of its faces.
The funnels radiate from a central globe, and each funnel contains four
ovoids each with ten atoms within it arranged in three spheres. In the
accompanying diagrams one funnel with its four ovoids is shown and a single
ovoid with its three spheres, containing severally three, four, and three
atoms, is seen at the left-hand corner of the plate (7 _a_). The members of
this group are alike in arrangement, differing only in the increased
complexity of the bodies contained in the funnels. Beryllium, it will be
observed, is very simple, whereas calcium and strontium are complicated.
BERYLLIUM: 4 funnels of 40 atoms 160
Central globe 4
----
Total 164
----
Atomic weight 9.01
Number weight 164/18 9.11
CALCIUM (Plate VIII, 2) shows in each funnel three contained spheres, of
which the central one has within it seven ovoids identical with those of
beryllium, and the spheres above and below it contain each five ovoids (7
_b_) in which the three contained spheres have, respectively, two, five,
and two atoms. The central globe is double, globe within globe, and is
divided into eight segments, radiating from the centre like an orange; the
internal part of the segment belonging to the inner globe has a triangular
body within it, containing four atoms (7 _c_), and the external part,
belonging to the encircling globe, shows the familiar "cigar" (7 _d_). In
this way 720 atoms are packed into the simple beryllium type.
CALCIUM: 4 funnels of 160 atoms 640
Central globe 80
----
Total 720
----
Atomic weight 39.74
Number weight 720/18 40.00
STRONTIUM (Plate VIII, 3) shows a still further complication within the
funnels, no less than eight spheres being found within each. Each of the
highest pair contains four subsidiary spheres, with five, seven, seven,
five atoms, respectively (7 _e_, _g_, _f_). The _g_ groups are identical
with those in gold, but difference of pressure makes the containing body
spherical instead of ovoid; similar groups are seen in the top ring of the
iodine funnel, where also the "hole" is ovoid in form. The second pair of
spheres contains ten ovoids (7 _b_) identical with those of calcium. The
third pair contains fourteen ovoids (7 _a_) identical with those of
beryllium, while the fourth pair repeats the second, with the ovoids
re-arranged. The internal divisions of the double sphere of the central
globe are the same as in calcium, but the contents differ. The "cigars" in
the external segments are replaced by seven-atomed ovoids (7 _h_)--the
iodine ovoids--and the external segments contain five-atomed triangles (7
_i_). Thus 1,568 atoms have been packed into the beryllium type, and our
wonder is again aroused by the ingenuity with which a type is preserved
while it is adapted to new conditions.
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