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Page 20
[Illustration--Drawing: MEXICAN DRINKING-VESSELS, ROLLING-PIN AND WHISK.]
Some accounted for the assumed ill-effects of cocoa to its admixture
with sugar in the form of chocolate, for a few years earlier a London
doctor had declared that "coffee, chocolate, and tea were at the first
used only as medicines while they continued unpleasant, but since they
were made delicious with sugar they are become poison." Similarly, an
anonymous assailant in a pamphlet "Printed at the Black Boy, over
against St. Dunstan's Church, in Fleet Street," exclaims:
"As for the great quantity of sugar which is commonly put in,
it may destroy the native and genuine temper of the chocolate,
sugar being such a corrosive salt, and such an hypocritical
enemy of the body. Simeon Pauli (a learned Dane) thinks sugar
to be one cause of our English consumption, and Dr. Willis
blames it as one of our universal scurvies: therefore, when
chocolate produces any ill effects, they may be often imputed
to the great superfluity of its sugar."
[Illustration--Black and White Plate: Cacao Tree, Trinidad.]
In the New World fewer questions were raised, and the only
conscientious objection appears to have been felt by a Bishop of
Chiapa, whose performance of the Mass was disturbed by its use. The
story is told in Gaze's "New Survey of the West Indies," published in
1648, and is worth repetition. It is well to bear in mind his
information that "two or three hours after a good meal of three or
four dishes of mutton, veal or beef, kid, turkeys or other fowles, our
stomackes would bee ready to faint, and so wee were fain to support
them with a cup of chocolatte."
"The women of that city, it seems, pretend much weakness and
squeamishness of stomacke, which they say is so great that they
are not able to continue in church while the mass is briefly
hurried over, much lesse while a solemn high mass is sung and a
sermon preached, unles they drinke a cup of hot chocolatte and
eat a bit of sweetmeats to strengthen their stomackes. For this
purpose it was much used by them to make their maids bring them
to church, in the middle of mass or sermon, a cup of
chocolatte, which could not be done to all without a great
confusion and interrupting both mass and sermon. The Bishop,
perceiving this abuse, and having given faire warning for the
omitting of it, but all without amendment, thought fit to fix
in writing upon the church dores an excommunication against all
such as should presume at the time of service to eate or
drinke within the church. This excommunication was taken by
all, but especially by the gentlewomen, much to heart, who
protested, if they might not eate or drinke in the church, they
could not continue in it to hear what otherwise they were bound
unto. But none of these reasons would move the Bishop. The
women, seeing him so hard to be entreated, began to slight him
with scornefull and reproachfull words: others slighted his
excommunication, drinking in iniquity in the church, as the
fish doth water, which caused one day such an uproar in the
Cathedrall that many swordes were drawn against the Priests,
who attempted to take away from the maids the cups of
chocolatte which they brought unto their mistresses, who at
last, seeing that neither faire nor foule means would prevail
with the Bishop, resolved to forsake the Cathedrall: and so
from that time most of the city betooke themselves to the
Cloister Churches, where by the Nuns and Fryers they were not
troubled....
"The Bishop fell dangerously sick. Physicians were sent for far
and neere, who all with a joynt opinion agreed that the Bishop
was poisoned. A gentlewoman, with whom I was well acquainted,
was commonly censured to have prescribed such a cup of
chocolatte to be ministered by the Page, which poisoned him who
so rigorously had forbidden chocolatte to be drunk in the
church. Myself heard this gentlewoman say that the women had no
reason to grieve for him, and that she judged, he being such an
enemy to chocolatte in the Church, that which he had drunk in
his house had not agreed with his body. And it became
afterwards a Proverbe in that country: 'Beware of the
chocolatte of Chiapa!' ... that poisoning and wicked city,
which truly deserves no better relation than what I have given
of the simple Dons and the chocolatte-confectioning Do�as."
It was only natural that the nuns and friars of the cloister churches
should raise no objection to this practice of chocolate drinking, for
we read further that two of these cloisters were "talked off far and
near, not for their religious practices, but for their skill in making
drinkes which are used in those parts, the one called chocolatte,
another atolle. Chocolatte is (also) made up in boxes, and sent not
only to Mexico, but much of it yearly transported to Spain."
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