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Page 35
At the end of ten or fifteen minutes the milk may be placed in a
saucepan and quickly raised to boiling point; this kills the ferment,
so that the milk will not become bitter when warmed a second time. Or,
the milk may be rapidly cooled by placing the bottles first in cool
and then in ice water; in this way the ferment is not destroyed, and
the milk may become bitter when warmed for feeding.
_Should the whole day's supply be peptonized at once, or each bottle
separately just before the feeding?_
Either plan may be followed. If the former, it is better to raise the
milk to boiling point after peptonizing; if the latter, it should not
be peptonized more than ten minutes, for it will continue to peptonize
while it is being taken by the child.
_Is not the bitter taste of completely peptonized milk a great
obstacle to its use?_
Not in the case of young infants; one under four or five months old
will usually take it without any objection after two or three
feedings; but it cannot often be used for those who are much older.
_How much of the peptonizing powder should be used?_
There are required for one pint of plain milk, five grains of the
extractum pancreatis and fifteen grains of bicarbonate of soda. This
quantity is usually put up in a single tube or tablet. In the formulas
previously given, less than this will be required; for the weaker
formulas, one half or one third of the powder mentioned will be
sufficient for one pint of food. For a single feeding of four ounces,
one may use one eighth of a tube with a weak formula, or one sixth of
a tube with a stronger formula.
_What are the advantages of peptonized milk?_
Partially peptonized milk is useful for young infants who have great
difficulty in digesting the curd of milk, sometimes even when diluted
as already described; completely peptonized milk, during acute attacks
of indigestion.
_For how long a period may the use of peptonized milk be continued?_
Completely peptonized milk may be used for a few days, or at most a
few weeks; partially peptonized milk may be used for two or three
months, but not indefinitely; it should be left off gradually by
shortening the time of peptonizing, and lessening the amount of the
powder used.
FEEDING DURING THE SECOND YEAR
_How many meals are required during the second year?_
It is usually better to continue five meals throughout the second
year. Some children will sleep from 6 P.M. to 6 A.M. without waking,
but unless there is a feeding at 10 P.M. children are apt to wake very
early in the morning.
_Should each feeding be prepared at the time it is given, or all
feedings at one time, as during the first year?_
During the second and third years it is better to prepare the milk for
the entire day at one time. If it is to be modified by adding cream,
water, etc., it is done as during the first year.
Later, when only plain milk is used, the quantities needed for the
different feedings should be put into one or into two bottles, which
then may be pasteurized or not as may be necessary. In this way the
different feedings are kept separate, and the day's supply of milk is
not disturbed every time the child is fed, as otherwise is
unavoidable. The food should be prepared as soon as possible after the
daily milk supply is delivered in the morning.
_Give a proper diet for an average healthy child of twelve months._
6.30 A.M. Milk, six to seven ounces; diluted with barley or oat
gruel, two to three ounces; after the thirteenth
month, taken from a cup.
9 A.M. Orange juice, one to two ounces.
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