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Page 30
III. A rich Jersey milk is used as if it were ordinary milk. The
formulas given in this book are chiefly calculated on the basis of a
good average milk which contains about 4 per cent fat. Many persons
have the idea that the richer the milk, the more rapidly the child
will gain in weight, and hence the superiority of such milk for infant
feeding. While it is true that some children taking a very rich milk
may, for a time, gain rapidly in weight, yet sooner or later, serious
disturbances of digestion are nearly always produced.
IV. The food is increased too rapidly, particularly after some
disturbance of digestion. If, in an infant three or four months old,
an attack of somewhat acute indigestion occurs, the food should seldom
be given in full strength before two weeks. The increase in the diet
should be made very gradually, the steps being made only one half
those indicated in the series of formulas on pages 70 and 71.
Otherwise it generally happens that the attack of indigestion is very
much prolonged and much loss in weight occurs.
V. When symptoms of indigestion occur, the food is not reduced rapidly
enough. Indigestion usually means that the organs are, for the time,
unequal to the work imposed. If the food is immediately reduced by one
half, the organs of digestion soon regain their power and the
disturbance is short. In every case the amount of reduction should
depend upon the degree of the disturbance.
PREPARATION OF COW'S MILK AT HOME
_What articles are required for the preparation of cow's milk at
home?_
Feeding-bottles, rubber nipples, an eight-ounce graduated measuring
glass, a glass or agate funnel, bottle brush, cotton, alcohol lamp or,
better, a Bunsen gas burner, a tall quart cup for warming bottles of
milk, a pitcher for mixing the food, a wide-mouth bottle for boric
acid and one for bicarbonate of soda, and a pasteurizer. Later, a
double boiler for cooking cereals will be needed.
_What bottles are to be preferred?_
A cylindrical graduated bottle with a rather wide neck, so as to admit
of easy washing, and one which contains no angles or corners. A single
size holding eight ounces is quite sufficient for use during the first
year. All complicated bottles are bad, being difficult to clean. One
should have as many bottles in use as the child takes meals a day.
_How should bottles be cared for?_
As soon as they are emptied they should be rinsed with cold water and
allowed to stand filled with water to which a little bicarbonate of
soda has been added. Before the milk is put into them they should be
thoroughly washed with a bottle brush and hot soap-suds and then
placed for twenty minutes in boiling water.
_What sort of nipples should be used?_
Only simple straight nipples which slip over the neck of the bottle.
Those with a rubber or glass tube are too complicated and very
difficult to keep clean. Nipples made of black rubber are to be
preferred. The hole in the nipple should not be so large that the milk
will run in a stream, but just large enough for it to drop rapidly
when the bottle with the nipple attached is inverted.
_How should nipples be cared for?_
New nipples should be boiled for five minutes; but it is unnecessary
to repeat this every day as they soon become so soft as to be almost
useless. After using, nipples should be carefully rinsed in cold water
and kept in a covered glass containing a solution of borax or boric
acid. At least once a day they should be turned wrong side out and
thoroughly washed with soap and water.
_What sort of cotton should be used?_
The refined non-absorbent cotton is rather better for stoppering
bottles, but the ordinary absorbent cotton will answer every purpose.
_Which is better, the Bunsen burner or the alcohol lamp?_
If there is gas in the house, the Bunsen burner is greatly to be
preferred, being cheaper, simpler, and much safer than the alcohol
lamp. If the lamp is used, it should stand upon a table covered with a
plate of zinc or tin, or upon a large tin tray. The French pattern of
alcohol lamp is the best.
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