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Page 4
* * * * *
The long-talked-of treaty between England and Venezuela has been signed.
These countries agree to settle the question of the boundary between
Venezuela and British Guiana by arbitration.
In NO. 9 of THE GREAT ROUND WORLD you will find a full
account of the quarrel between England and Venezuela. It was said that
England claimed more land than belonged to her.
You will see, if you look at NO. 9, how the United States stepped
in, and helped to adjust matters.
The signing of this treaty brings a quarrel to an end that has been going
on for upwards of a century.
The boundary line which has been so much disputed has been surveyed
several times, but no two surveyors have agreed, and so all the troubles
have come about.
The treaty says that the arbitrators are to find out just how much land
belonged to the colony of British Guiana at the time it became the
property of England, and that they are to work from that point.
The Committee of Arbitration is to meet in Paris, and is to consist of two
Englishmen, Baron Herschel, and Sir Richard Henn Collins, a Judge of the
English Supreme Court; one American, Judge Brewer; and one member chosen
by Venezuela, who is also an American, the Hon. Melville Weston Fuller,
Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court.
These four arbitrators are to decide among themselves who shall be the
fifth man to join them in their work.
If they have not been able to agree on the fifth man in three months after
they meet, our old friend, King Oscar of Sweden, is to step in and fill
the vacant place.
The treaty provides that within six months after it is signed the
committee must meet in Paris, and that the whole work shall, if possible,
be completed within six months after the meeting.
The two copies of the treaty, as soon as they were signed by Sir Julian
Pauncefote for England, and Senor Jos� Andrade for Venezuela, were sent
off, the one to London, the other to Caracas, to be ratified by the
governments of England and Venezuela.
The ratification must be made within six months of the date of signing,
and then the work of the committee will begin.
* * * * *
Very little headway has been made with our own treaty with England.
The Committee on Foreign Relations has made certain changes in it, and
handed it to the Senate with a recommendation that it be accepted.
The changes made strike out the name of King Oscar of Sweden as umpire,
and narrow the work of the arbitrators down to dealing solely with matters
that concern Great Britain and the United States in their relations with
each other.
The idea is to make it impossible for England to interfere if we wish to
make a treaty with another country.
Some people think that if the treaty be ratified as first presented, we
will be compelled to ask the advice and permission of England in reference
to every treaty or similar arrangement we may want to make with other
countries.
It seems most important, among other things, that we should be free to
make the best terms for ourselves in the matter of the Nicaragua Canal,
and that we ought to be entirely free to settle all questions with our
Central and South American neighbors.
From what we hear, these alterations are not pleasing to the English
people.
_The Times_, the most important London newspaper, says that it is a pity
that the treaty has been so much changed that it is really of no value at
all. The paper goes on to say that if the treaty should not be ratified by
the Senate, the good work done on it will not have been wasted, for it
will have given a great lesson to the people of both countries, and indeed
to the whole world. The first step has been taken toward the beginning of
universal peace.
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