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Page 31
Newfound. This ground lies off of the northeast edge of Jeffreys Bank
and is often considered a part of it, but there seems to lie deep water
between. This is one of three grounds of the name in these waters. The
present piece of bottom lies 20 miles SE. by S. from Matinicus block and
S. � E. from Seal Island (in Penobscot Bay) and has a broken and
irregular bottom with depths from 60 to 100 fathoms over blue mud and
shells and considerable areas of gravelly ground. It is about 7 miles
long, E. by N. and W. by S., and about 4 miles wide.
Fishing here in the summer months is mostly by hand-lining because of
the presence of schools of dogfish in these waters at that season. In
the spring it is a good ground for cod, and in the fall months cod,
hake, and cusk are taken, all by trawling. Perhaps March is the best
month for cod fishing here, the cusk being most numerous at the same
season, when they are especially abundant in depths of 80 fathoms or
more and are then taken by trawling. In spring and early summer halibut
are often found in depths of 35 to 60 fathoms on the gravelly parts of
the ground.
A small rocky eminence just off the northern edge of the ground rises
sharply from the 94-fathom depths surrounding it to reach 48 fathoms. On
this are taken market cod (2� to 10 pounds weight) during the spring
months and very large cod (fish reaching 50, 60, and 70 pounds or more)
during June, July, and August. Its small area makes this spot somewhat
difficult to find.
Jeffreys Bank. This ground lies east of Cashes Bank and, despite its
considerable size, is of comparatively little importance as a fishing
ground. It is about 20 miles long. SW. and NE., and 10 miles wide. The
northern and southern limits are 43� 30' and 43� 15' north latitude. The
eastern edge is In 68� 25', the western in 68� 45'. west longitude. The
bottom is somewhat broken--mud, sand, gravel, and pebbles, with a great
number of small rocky ridges, upon which good fishing is generally to be
had, although these spots are quite difficult to find and accommodate
but little trawl gear. There is virtually no fishing upon much of the
interior parts of the bank between these spots, where the bottom is
mostly of mud. Depths over the bank vary from 35 to 70 fathoms. The
Outer Fall and the Inner Fall. generally called Monhegan Fall, are the
only parts of Jeffreys Bank thought to be of much importance as fishing
grounds. Both these formerly furnished excellent fishing but are not now
as much resorted to, although vessels from Portland and Rockland often
fish here and bring in fair catches.
Cod, haddock, and cusk are the most important species in the fares from
this ground, with a lesser amount of pollock and a few halibut, these
latter usually being taken on the small ridges above mentioned In the
main, this bank is a winter ground; good also in the spring and early
summer before the dogfish strike it. It is fished mostly by the smaller
vessels--trawlers of from 15 to 70 tons.
The Inner Fall lies SE. � S. from Monhegan Island, 21� miles, west of
Newfound 6 miles, and S. by W � W. from Matinicus Rock 17 miles. The
Outer Fall lies S. � E. from Matinicus Rock 21 miles. These both have
hard sharp bottoms, which are good cod and cusk grounds in the spring.
The gravelly bottom, both on the Inner Fall and on the Outer Fall, often
holds halibut in the spring and early summer (May 1 to July 15) in
depths of from 35 to 60 fathoms. The fishing ground of the Inner Fall is
somewhat difficult to find, the best portions lying in a narrow strip
about 6 miles long by something less than 1 mile wide along the
northwestern edge of the bank.
Soundings ranging from 35 to 55 fathoms over the main body of the bank
drop suddenly to 85 and even 94 on the edges. The average depth is about
45 fathoms over a rocky bottom, with good cod fishing in summer and cusk
on the hard bottom of the deeper water. Haddock usually are abundant on
this bank in winter. Along the northern edge of Jeffreys Bank, between
the Inner Fall and the Outer Fall, in an average depth of 40 fathoms,
cod and halibut are taken in spring and summer. The extreme southern
part of the bank is also a fairly good cod ground, while halibut occur
in fair numbers in summer. Depths here are from 38 to 45 fathoms over
rocks and gravel.
A small circular piece of ground rises about 2 miles W. of the bank,
lying between it and Toothaker Ridge. This is about 2 miles across and
has depths averaging 50 fathoms over a rocky bottom. This spot is a good
summer cod ground.
Toothaker Ridge. This bank is 26 miles S. � E. from Monhegan and lies
in an ENE. and WSW. direction. There seem to be two ridges here, the
larger being about 5 or 6 miles long by about 1� miles wide. This inner
ridge has a shoal of 35 fathoms on the western end, from which it
deepens eastward to about 45 fathoms, which is the general depth
elsewhere on this piece of ground.
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